Accounting KetchupAccountingKetchup
Get My Price →

Self-Employment Tax

The Social Security and Medicare tax that self-employed individuals pay on net earnings — currently 15.3% (12.4% Social Security + 2.9% Medicare).

Self-Employment Tax Definition

Self-employment tax is the self-employed person's version of FICA taxes. When you work for an employer, they pay half of Social Security and Medicare taxes. When you're self-employed, you pay both halves — the full 15.3%.

Rate Breakdown

  • Social Security: 12.4% on net earnings up to $176,100 (2026)
  • Medicare: 2.9% on all net earnings (no cap)
  • Additional Medicare: 0.9% on net earnings over $200K (single) or $250K (married filing jointly)
  • Total: 15.3% on first $176,100, then 2.9-3.8% above that
  • Who Pays It

  • Sole proprietors
  • Partners in partnerships
  • Single-member LLC owners
  • Independent contractors / freelancers
  • NOT S-corp owners (on distributions — only on their salary)
  • Tax Deduction

    You can deduct 50% of your self-employment tax on your Form 1040. This is an "above the line" deduction — you get it even if you don't itemize.

    How to Reduce Self-Employment Tax

  • S-corp election: Pay yourself a reasonable salary (subject to FICA), take the rest as distributions (not subject to SE tax)
  • Maximize deductions: Lower net income = lower SE tax base
  • Retirement contributions: SEP-IRA or Solo 401(k) reduce taxable income
  • FAQ

    Q: Is self-employment tax in addition to income tax?

    A: Yes. Self-employment tax is separate from and in addition to federal and state income tax. This is why self-employed people often have a higher effective tax rate.

    Related Terms

  • Quarterly Taxes
  • Estimated Taxes
  • Tax Deduction
  • Payroll Tax
  • > Need help making sense of your books? Ketchup cleans up your QuickBooks in 3–7 business days — so your numbers actually make sense. Get your price →

    Related Terms

    Related Resources

    Need these terms applied to your books?

    Accounting Ketchup catches up your QuickBooks so the glossary becomes your reality. Flat rate.